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Objective:To explore the early diagnostic value of thrombus molecular markers in thrombosis ofpatients with malignant tumors and to evaluate their risk factors.Methods:Diagnostic research.A total of 1366 patients (including lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer,) were randomly selected in the Red Flag Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College and Mudanjiang Cancer Hospitalfrom September 2009 to February 1919. Among them, 562 were males and 804 were females with average age (59.45±15.10) years old. The control group consisted of 70healthy donors (35 males and 35 females, with an average age of (49.60±19.12) years old), including 69 cases of venous thrombosis (thrombotic group, 32 males and37 females, with an average age of (61.20±15.71) years old).Chemoluminescent enzyme immunoassay was used to detect thromboregulatory proteins(TM), thrombin-antithrombin complexes(TAT), tissue plasminogen activators/inhibitors -1 complexes(t-PAIC), plasminase-anti-fibrinolysis complexes(PIC) in venous plasma. According to the sensitivity and specificity of each marker, the receiver′s work characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate its diagnostic performance. Cox regression analysis was used for single-factor and multi-factor risk analysis.Results:The incidence of venous thromboembolism(VTE) in patients with different types of malignant tumors was statistically significant, with lung cancer being the highest, followed by colorectal cancer and breast cancer( P<0.05). The levels of TM, TAT, t-PAIC and PIC were significantly higher in the lung, breast and colorectal thrombosis group than in the control group. The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The optimal cut-off level for TM is 10.57 IU/ml(sensitivity 50.30%, specificity 75.50%, AUC=0.671), and the optimal cut-off level for TAT is 4.16 ng/ml(sensitivity is 80.30%, specificity is 62.80%, AUC=0.757).The optimal truncation level for t-PAIC is 11.44 ng/ml(sensitivity 52.50%, specificity 84.00%, AUC=0.682), and the optimal truncation level for PIC is 1.18μg/ml(sensitivity 67.20%, specificity is 79.50%, AUC=0.790). The combined detection of the four molecular markers has the best sensitivity and diagnostic performance(86.90%, AUC=0.807). Age, stage, metastasis, surgery, tumor diameter, and PIC levels are independent factors that affect the occurrence of VTE in malignant tumors (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Different types of malignant tumors have different rates of thrombosis. The combined detection ofTM, TAT, t-PAIC and PIC have the best diagnostic performance, and can be used as a new early diagnosis method for VTE in malignant tumors. Age, stage, metastasis, surgery, and tumor diameter are risk factors for VTE in malignant tumors. PIC levels can be used as a reliable markerfor the risk of VTE in patients with malignant tumors within 6 months.
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Objective@#To explore the early diagnostic value of thrombus molecular markers in thrombosis ofpatients with malignant tumors and to evaluate their risk factors.@*Methods@#Diagnostic research.A total of 1366 patients (including lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer,) were randomly selected in the Red Flag Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College and Mudanjiang Cancer Hospitalfrom September 2009 to February 1919. Among them, 562 were males and 804 were females with average age (59.45±15.10) years old. The control group consisted of 70healthy donors (35 males and 35 females, with an average age of (49.60±19.12) years old), including 69 cases of venous thrombosis (thrombotic group, 32 males and37 females, with an average age of (61.20±15.71) years old).Chemoluminescent enzyme immunoassay was used to detect thromboregulatory proteins(TM), thrombin-antithrombin complexes(TAT), tissue plasminogen activators/inhibitors -1 complexes(t-PAIC), plasminase-anti-fibrinolysis complexes(PIC) in venous plasma. According to the sensitivity and specificity of each marker, the receiver′s work characteristic curve was drawn to evaluate its diagnostic performance. Cox regression analysis was used for single-factor and multi-factor risk analysis.@*Results@#The incidence of venous thromboembolism(VTE) in patients with different types of malignant tumors was statistically significant, with lung cancer being the highest, followed by colorectal cancer and breast cancer(P<0.05). The levels of TM, TAT, t-PAIC and PIC were significantly higher in the lung, breast and colorectal thrombosis group than in the control group. The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The optimal cut-off level for TM is 10.57 IU/ml(sensitivity 50.30%, specificity 75.50%, AUC=0.671), and the optimal cut-off level for TAT is 4.16 ng/ml(sensitivity is 80.30%, specificity is 62.80%, AUC=0.757).The optimal truncation level for t-PAIC is 11.44 ng/ml(sensitivity 52.50%, specificity 84.00%, AUC=0.682), and the optimal truncation level for PIC is 1.18μg/ml(sensitivity 67.20%, specificity is 79.50%, AUC=0.790). The combined detection of the four molecular markers has the best sensitivity and diagnostic performance(86.90%, AUC=0.807). Age, stage, metastasis, surgery, tumor diameter, and PIC levels are independent factors that affect the occurrence of VTE in malignant tumors (all P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Different types of malignant tumors have different rates of thrombosis. The combined detection ofTM, TAT, t-PAIC and PIC have the best diagnostic performance, and can be used as a new early diagnosis method for VTE in malignant tumors. Age, stage, metastasis, surgery, and tumor diameter are risk factors for VTE in malignant tumors. PIC levels can be used as a reliable markerfor the risk of VTE in patients with malignant tumors within 6 months.
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BACKGROUND:Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic changes in the myocardium, triggering the emergence of ventricular remodeling, which is an important cause of death. Myocardial infarction is a common disease in the middle-aged and elderly population, but autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from these patients exhibit a weak ability of proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, a positive attempt of allogeneic stem cel transplantation is required in order to obtain better therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of al ogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from 10 neonatal rats and 10 adult rats were isolated, cultured and identified. Another 40 rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10/group):model group, neonatal rat cel transplantation group, adult rat cel transplantation group, or sham group. Animal models of myocardial infarction were made in rats in the al groups except for the sham group in which the rats were given sham operation. Rats in the two cel transplantation groups were given the corresponding cel transplantation. Four weeks postoperatively, heart function of rats was detected in each group, and cardiac tissues were taken to detect changes in col agen formation and blood vessel density in the infarct area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four weeks after surgery, rats in the model group showed significant changes in cardiac function indexes as compared with the other groups (P0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the model group, significantly decreased collagen formation and increased blood vessel density were found in both two cell transplantation groups (P<0.05). Additionally, the vascular density of the infarct area was highest in the sham group (P<0.05). Experimental results show that both neonatal and adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can improve cardiac function of rats, reduce the formation of collagen in the infarct area and delay ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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BACKGROUND:Artificial femoral head replacement provides a new idea for the repair of unstable intertrochanteric fracture. Artificial prosthesis replacement may affect original femoral biomechanical stability and lead to a variety of adverse consequences. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the stress distribution of femoral head replacement in the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures with three-dimensional finite element analysis. METHODS:One male old volunteer was randomly selected from population who underwent health examination. The left femur was scanned with spiral CT, and the three-dimensional finite element models of the human femur and prosthesis were established. The three-dimensional finite element model was used to simulate the actual working conditions of human climbing stairs, and the stress distribution of the bone channels around the surface of the femur and the prosthesis was analyzed with three-dimensional finite element analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under normal condition, the stress of the human femur was in a consistent state. Stress changed gradualy from the proximal end to the distal end. The stress of the prosthesis was concentrated in the middle section. The prosthesis of inner stress distribution was analyzed to obtain stress distribution of prosthesis and femur cancelous bone interface. The analysis found that stress change trend was consistent. The results suggest that artificial femoral head replacement does not have a significant effect on the overal stress distribution of the human femur, and the overal stress distribution does not change, and the maximum stress region is located in the middle of the whole femur. After the reconstruction, the stress concentration of the femur is not observed.
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Breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors in female and endangered their health seriously.In recent years,the incidence of breast cancer continues to be uptrend and tend to be younger.As the treatment of breast cancer is more diversified and meticulous,the prognosis of breast cancer has been improved.When Dr Csatary found a farmer got gastric cancer was cured by Newcastle disease virus occasionally,Newcastle disease virus was widely studied as a novel kind of anti-tumor biologics.So Newcastle disease virus had become an effective new treatment method in breast cancer.This article briefly elaborates the profile of Newcastle disease virus,mechanism,the significance of researching and other aspects.
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Objective To investigate whether black cohosh could be improve patients with breast cancer treated chemotherapy like-menopausal symptoms through a non-estrogen pathway.Methods We selected 120 patients with breast cancer dianosised and treated chemotherapy from January 2012 to June 2013 in four Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical,which were female patients,20-51 years,preoperative menopause,menstrual regularly,postoperative chemotherapy timely and regularly,and Kupperman score ≥ 15 points.All patients were randomized,double-blind divided into two groups,the experimental group was treated with medication Li Fumin Black Cohosh Extract,40 mg once daily,the other one was treated with placebo,40mg once a day.After 12 weeks,all patients were checked by estrogen hormones,gynecological ultrasound,the ultrasound of the other breast,Kupperman score,Then we make an assessment with those.Results During the experimental group and the control group,estrogen and endometrial thickness were within normal range,and there are not statistically significant difference between before and after medicine(P ＞ 0.05).What's more,before and after medication,the experimental group and the control group were not found new breast lumps.After taking medicine,the Kupperman score of experimental group was significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05); however,there was not statistically significant difference between before and after medicine for the Kupperman score in control group(P ＞ 0.05).In experimental group,there are 5 cases of patients,which Kupperman is more 15 points,but lower than the score before taking medicine.Conclusions Black cohosh could improve like-menopausal symptoms of patients with breast cancer treated chemotherapy through a non-estrogen pathway,regardless of estrogen-receptor positive or negative,which has a good effection.
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Breast cancer was a common malignancy in female and endangered their health seriously.In recent years,the incidence of breast cancer has been more and more and younger and younger.With breast cancer checked out widely,the diagnosis rate of the early breast cancer has been significantly increased,so that the prognosis of patients with breast cancer has been apparently improved.Currently,the majority of patients did not only require removing the total tumor completely,but also ensuring tihe quality of life to reduce the psychological pressure.What's morc,they required a better cosmetic result.Thus the conventional treatments (such as surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,estrogen and progesterone) have not met their pursuit; the radiofrequency ablation is a better therapeutic method.I briefly describe its principlcs,methods,status,postoperation,complication and so on.
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ObjectiveTo investigate theeffect of combining traditionalChineseandWestern medicine therepy for patients with hormone-dependent dermatitis.Methods The relative literature conceming the clinical trials in treating patients with hormone-dependent dermatitis with therapy of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine between 2005 and 2011 were retrieved,and Meta-analysis was made on the qualified literature by means of Review Manager 5.0 software.Results 15 randomized trials with 1749 patients met inclusion criteria.Compared with western medicine treatment group,the test results of the effective rate on the patients with hormone-dependent dermatitiswiththerapyof combining traditionalChineseandWestem medicinewasZ =12,P＜0.00001,OR =4.2 ( 95％ CI,3.32 t0 5.31).ConclusionPatients with hormone-dependent dermatitis with therapy of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine could get better therapeutic effect.
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Zuckerkandl tubercle is the extension of thyriod gland. For the past few years, more and more surgeons and anatomists have become interested in it. Clinically, surgeons usually rely on specified anatomical landmarks to avoid injuries to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, including the laryngeal branches and the superior parathyroid in thyroid surgery, such as the bottom corner of the thyroid cartilage, the inferior thyroid artery, lower pole of thyroid, tracheoesophageal groove, suspensory ligament of thyroid gland and so on. As the specified landmarks, they have several common characteristics:on the one hand, their location should be constant; on the other hand, they should be easy to observe and touch, meanwhile convenient and practical.As a new anatomical landmark, Zuckerkandl tubercle is in accordance with the above characteristics and prevalent in the population. Therefore, Zuckerkandl tubercle could become an important landmark to identify the the recurrent laryngeal nerve, including the laryngeal branches and the superior parathyroid in thyroid surgery. This essay aims to briefly analyze the role of Zuckerkandl tubercle in thyroid surgery.
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Gastric cancer incidence is one of the most common malignancies in our country and is the second most common in the worldwide,clinic doctors always emphasize early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer patients,in order to reduce the mortality,however,most patients' condition often have been in the late fall and these patients were badly in efficacy.Looking for a new diagnosis way is a medical prddem,with molecular biology advance and gene chips was improved,it is possible for the early screening of gastric cancer.This assay aims to briefly analyse the role of gene chips in the research progress of early gastric cancer.
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Objective To explore the local application of immunosuppressant in improving the survival rate of the transplanted islet cells and systemic side effects.Methods The streptozocin of 200 ms/kg was injected into the abdominal cavity of the Wistar rats，the blood sugar was tested after 48，and 72 hours，and the rats with two consecutive measurements ≥20 mol/L were taken as the experimental animal model.The dose of pancreatic islet cells transplanted into the abdominal cavity was 8 000 IE,/kg，and that of cyclosporine dosage was 1.5 mg/(100 g·d).The pancreatic islet cells were divided into three groups：(1)systemic immunosuppressive agents through stomach lavage with the intraperitoneal injection of microencapsulated islet cells；(2)pure intraperitoneal injection of microencapsulated islet cells；(3)intraperitoneal injection microencapsulated activated carbon particles loaded with immunosuppressants，and mieroencapsulated islet cells.Changes of blood glucose and pathological in rats after transplantation were detected.Results The blood glucose of group 3 and group 1 showed no significant difference(P＞0.05)，as well as compared with group 2(P＞0.05).But the local application of immune agents could prolong the effective time of the islet cells and attenuate the fibrotic extent of the surrounding islets when compared with the control group,the C peptide level in applicating immunosuppressive agents group was significantly hisher in the immunosuppressive group than the pure transplantation group.ConclusionCompared with the systemic immune suppression via stomach lavage，local application of slow-release immunosuppressive agents showed the same effects of activated carbon particles，with a prolonged the effective time of islet cell and reduced topical side effects in the latter.
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Objective To investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide on human coronary smooth muscle cells(HCSMCs). Method After the subculture of HCASMCs, cells were divided into 4 groups: control group and three arsenic trioxide (4.0 μmol/L) groups as the arsenic agent co-cultured with cells for 12,24 and 48 h. Flow cytometry and TUNEL were used for counting the ntmnber of cell apoptosis. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of E2F-1 mRNA and Western blot was used to measure the levels of Bcl-2 ond Bax. Results Arsenic trioxide inhibited the proliferation of HCASMCs. When arsenic trioxide was 4.0 μmol/L, the living cells were ( 8.44 ±0.10) × 105/mL,signifiantly than that of control group (16.44 ± 1.34) × 105/mL, P ＜ 0.05. This inhibition of proliferation cycle was produced by affecting S and G2-M phase, which did not appear in the control group. Apoptotic cells increased from 16.0% ± 3.1% to 38.7% ± 2.7% (P ＜ 0.05) detected by TUNEL. The arsenic agnet decreased the Bcl-2 level and increased Bax. The expression of E2F-1 mRNA was decreased in 4.0 μmol/L arsenic trioxide group. Conclusions Arsenic trioxide exerts the apoptotic effect on human coronary smooth muscle cells.
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Objective To investigate the apoptotic effects of arsenic trioxide on E2F-1 and EMAP-Ⅱ of hu-man coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs). Method HCASMCs proliferated after culturing cells.Cells were divided into 4 groups: control group and arsenic trioxide (4.0μmol/L) 12 h group, 24 h group and 48 h group. Flow cytometry was used for counting number of apoptotic cells, RT-PCR was used for detecting the ex-pression of E2F-1 mRNA and Western blot was employed to get the level of EMAP-Ⅱ. Results Arsenic trioxide inhibited the proliferation of HCASMCs (living cells in 4.0 μmol/L arsenic trioxide were (8.44±0.10)×10~5/mL vs. control (16.44±1.34)×10~5/m (P <0.05), and the 4.0μmol/L arsenic trioxide inhibited proliferation cy-cle via affecting S and G2M phases, while those were not found in control group. E2F-1 mRNA expression was de-creased in 4.0 μmol/L arsenic trioxide group. Western blot test showed EMAP- Ⅱ level was also decreased in 4.0 μmol/L arsenic trioxide group. Conclusions Arsenic trioxide has apoptotic effect on smooth muscle cells of hu-man coronary artery and decrease the expression of E2F-1 mRNA and the level of EMAP- Ⅱ.
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Objective:To analyze the application of antidepressants in our hospital in order to provide some reference for clinical rational drug use.Method:The antidepressants used in our hospital from 2006 to 2008 were classified by construction and mechanism and statistically analyzed in DDDs frequency.Result:Among the antidepressants used in our hospital,SSRIs were first-choice drugs,and venlafaxin of SNRIs dominated the first place in terms of use frequency and amount. Conclusion:Antidepressants used in our hospital were basically rational.
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0.05). In the field of side effects,especially EPS,weight gain,lactation and menstrual disorders,aripiprazole was significantly lower than risperidone(P
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and cost-effectiveness of 3 therapeutic regimens in the treatment of gonarthritis. METHODS: The cost-effectiveness analyses were conducted among 3 therapeutic regimens: regimen A(sodium hyaluronate), regimen B(sodium hyaluronate plus compound betamethasone) and regimen C(sodium hyaluron_ate plus triamcinolone acetonide acetate). RESULTS: The total costs for Group A, B and C were 956.5 yuan, 1 206 yuan and 998.5 yuan, respectively. The effective rates were 79.2%, 91.3% and 96.4%, respectively. The cost-effectiveness ratios were 12.08, 13.21 and 10.36 respectively. As compared with regimen A, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for regimen B and C were 20.62 and 2.44 respectively. CONCLUSION: Regimen C is more preferable among the three therapeutic regimens.